Vedic chanting ravi shankar biography

Chants of India

studio album by Ravi Shankar

Chants of India is prominence album by Indian musician Ravi Shankar released in on Patron Records. Produced by his chum and sometime collaborator George Player, the album consists of Vedic and other Hindu sacred prayers set to music, marking uncluttered departure from Shankar's more everyday work in the field be proper of Hindustani classical music. The be enthusiastic about themes of the recorded chants are peace and harmony amongst nature and all creatures. Meeting for the album took relic in the Indian city fanatic Madras and at Harrison's habitation in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, following dominion work on The Beatles' Anthology (). Anoushka Shankar, John Barham, Bikram Ghosh, Tarun Bhatacharaya essential Ronu Majumdar are among interpretation many musicians who contributed nominate the recording.

Chants of India was well received by reviewers; author Peter Lavezzoli describes colour up rinse as "a quiet masterpiece" extract "the most fully realized collaboration" by Shankar and Harrison.[1] Shankar considered it to be middle the best works of king year career.

In , primacy album was reissued as back into a corner of the Dark Horse Registry box set Collaborations, which comprehensive various projects undertaken by rectitude two artists, beginning in Chants of India was the persist formal collaboration between Shankar charge Harrison, who was diagnosed reach cancer shortly after its come to somebody's aid. At the Concert for Martyr in November , Shankar composite some of the selections cheat Chants of India, including leadership album-closing "Sarve Shaam", in wonderful set performed by daughter Anoushka as a tribute to Player.

Background and content

Having maintained great close friendship in the decades since their last official collaborationism in ,[2][3]Ravi Shankar and Martyr Harrison began working together envisage on projects to celebrate Shankar's 75th birthday.[4] Harrison first sign in a four-disc career retrospective prove on EMI's Angel Records,[5]Ravi Shankar: In Celebration (),[6] which besides included unreleased recordings made close to the pair,[7] before serving brand editor on Shankar's second diary, Raga Mala.[8] When compiling In Celebration, Shankar and Harrison subjugate with Angel Records the right-hand lane of making an album nucleus Vedic chants and other Hindustani sacred texts set to music.[8] According to Shankar, the not to be disclosed company were hoping to duplicate the commercial success of simple recording by "those Spanish monks"[9] – Chant, an album outandout Gregorian chants by the Benodictine monks of the Abbey firm Santo Domingo de Silos, featuring a contemporary rhythm section.[10][11] Creator Simon Leng describes the Chants of India project as practised "back to the roots" drills for Harrison, after his compromise of Radha Krishna Temple additional his own releases such whereas "My Sweet Lord" and "It Is 'He' (Jai Sri Krishna)" in the s.[10][nb 1]

As inaccessible as the words are disturbed, they are open now [after 40 years], but the appropriate I had to give, character add a slight orchestration quickwitted the background, was with that very thought that it necessity match this old sentimental, ageing spiritual context that it has. At the same time, quite a distance be too much, you know? Or sound very ritualistic add up to fundamentalist or anything like that.[19]

– Ravi Shankar,

Shankar had matured up in the Hindu sacred city of Benares,[20] where depiction public chanting of Vedic hymns "[awakened] his passion for music", author Reginald Massey writes,[21] bid as a young man nearby the s he had embraced the concept of Nada Brahma (meaning "Sound is God"), prep below the strict tutelage of theme guruAllauddin Khan.[22][23] In his inside layer notes to Chants of India, Shankar nevertheless describes the effort as "one of the governing difficult challenges in my discrimination, as a composer and arranger".[24] Shankar noted the precedents sustenance such a venture: "Sanskrit chants from the Vedas, Upanishads refuse other scriptures have been taped by many in India gift elsewhere, either in its recent form by the Traditional Scholars&#; or sung within raga forms by eminent musicians with consequent instruments. Some have even attempted to make them more habitual by using a semi-classical existing commercial approach. I wanted think a lot of make a version different be bereaved all these, but still restrain the tremendous spiritual force, ride purity of the Suktas, Shlokas and Mantras, and at picture same time make it invariably appealing."[24]

Shankar consulted a Dr Nandakumara of the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan in London, regarding the translation design of the Sanskrit texts.[24] I'm sorry? from adapting these ancient texts, Shankar composed new selections compel the album[3] – "Prabhujee", "Mangalam", "Svara Mantra" and "Hari Om" – and, as he outline it, "tuned them in distinction same spirit".[24] Peter Lavezzoli, essayist of The Dawn of Asiatic Music in the West, writes of the album's themes: "The record begins with the standard invocation to Lord Ganesha, enduring through a series of unrecorded Hindu prayers and chants overrun the Rigveda, Upanishads, and Bhagavad Gita."[25] Harrison biographer Gary Tillery describes the songs' focus, adjacent the opening invocations, as "peace, love, ecology, and social harmony".[26]

Chants of India reunited Shankar be first Harrison with English musician celebrated arranger John Barham.[10] Barham allowing Western annotation of Shankar's melodies,[27] a role he had prime supplied for Shankar at class Bath Music Festival in , when the Indian sitar talent had duetted with Yehudi Menuhin.[28]Anoushka Shankar conducted the musicians executive the sessions,[24] having made cause European performance debut in July at an official concert obtain celebrate her father's 75th held at the Barbican Palsy-walsy in London.[8]

Recording

The Chants of India recording was somewhat complicated unused the fact that the create company wanted to release distinctive album of "spiritual" music put off would go to number one&#; Neither George nor Ravi voluntary to commercialize it to anything like that extent&#; the soundtrack is strictly a Ravi Shankar classical Indian record.[10]

– John Barham, discussing Shankar and Harrison's measurement for Chants of India,

The first recording sessions were booked in the south Indian warrant of Madras in January ,[10] at Sruthilaya Media Artists Studio.[27] After a second set type dates there, in April,[24][29] Shankar and Harrison decided to incorporate the project to Harrison's transcription facility at Friar Park, crown home in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire.[10] According to Tillery, Madras had antique chosen in order to "cultivate authenticity", being a music assets of the South Asian take off, yet the atmosphere at Sruthilaya "seemed too secular for integrity aura of spirituality they desired to create".[30][nb 2] A attack cast of local musicians wilful to the recording in State, on instruments such as veena, violin, flute, cello, tanpura arm mridangam, while the chorus refrain (divided into "Indian" and "Western" groups on the sleeve credits) numbered [27]

While in India rework April, Harrison visited the ethereal city of Vrindavan with diadem Radha Krishna Temple friends Mukunda Goswami and Shyamasundar Das.[31] Goodness pilgrimage inspired him in consummate current work with Shankar, framer Joshua Greene writes,[32] just on account of a visit to Vrindavan difficult been the catalyst for film Shankar's Music Festival from Bharat revue[33] and their joint Northerly American tour that year.[34][35] Check July , Shankar and Thespian reconvened at Friar Park, make sure of Harrison had recorded a imposition for Carl Perkins' Go Youth Go! album.[36] The Friar Glimmering sessions for Chants of India took place in the house's drawing room, with cables be killing through from the studio honour above[26] – the same compliance under which Harrison had go about a find the Music Festival from India studio album,[37] in summer [38]

I like producing Ravi's music, in that for me it's educational translation well as a joy concurrence work with. It's actually sedative to your soul, and evenly helps you to focus be a fan of transcend.[39]

– George Harrison,

From 7 July,[40] sessions ran intermittently by virtue of to late August.[36] Shankar consequent told Rolling Stone magazine ditch he wrote "Mangalam" at that time: "'Mangalam' came to task while I was walking play a role Friar Park, George's place, ring we were recording. I was looking at the trees service the sky, and feeling unpick elated all of a out of the blue, wishing everything should be adequate for everyone, and it tetchy came to me."[9]

Among the involved musicians at Friar Park were Shankar's occasional tabla player Bikram Ghosh,[1] along with Tarun Bhatacharaya (santoor), Ronu Mazumdar (bansuri flute) and Jane Lister (harp).[27][nb 3] While operating mainly in righteousness role of producer, Harrison responded to Shankar's requests to honour on the recordings;[26] Harrison discretional on acoustic guitar, bass, autoharp, vibraphone and percussion, as vigorous as supplying backing vocals.[43] Shankar's wife Sukanya, a trained nightingale in the Karnatak tradition,[44] was also among the vocalists next to what the album sleeve lists as the "London sessions".[27] Position recording and remix engineer was John Etchells.[27]

Tillery describes the foundation of Chants of India chimpanzee a "labor of love" be glad about Harrison following his participation accumulate the Beatles' Anthology project,[26] arm Barham similarly recalls it because having been "a pleasure excavation on this beautiful record".[10] Layer Shankar's recollection, following a playback of some of the tracks,[45] Harrison was so moved guarantee he "embraced me with wounded in his eyes and barely said, 'Thank you, Ravi, contribution this music.'"[46] According to Lavezzoli, the album was one appeal to Shankar's "personal favorite works".[8]

Release

Angel Chronicles issued Chants of India lying on 6 May in America, criticize a UK release following document 1 September.[47][48] The album was marketed as a collaborative work,[49] and Harrison joined Shankar load promoting the release.[50]

These activities be a factor television appearances in New Royalty and Paris,[51] one of which, for America's VH1 network, ventilated on 24 July as George & Ravi – Yin & Yang.[52] In what would spin out to be Harrison's furthest back performance on a TV show,[53] he and Shankar discussed excellence album and their shared autobiography, such as the Concert care Bangladesh ().[1] Harrison then be a success an acoustic guitar from stationary John Fugelsang[54] and performed songs including the just-released "Prabhujee", dynasty with Ravi and Sukanya Shankar.[55][56]

Reception

Chants of India was critically well-received,[62][63] while commercially it peaked mock number 3 on Billboard magazine's Top World Music Albums chart.[64] On release, Josef Woodard adherent Entertainment Weekly labelled the lp "enchanting" and added: "Unlike Shankar's classical raga recordings, Chants be partial to India is a set go along with short, colorfully arranged pieces, agreeable for neophytes and devotees showing. Another jewel from a straightforward world-music superstar."[60]JazzTimes described it by the same token "a surprisingly colorful and attainable set of 16 pieces".[65] Delight in his review for Billboard, Unenviable Verna commented that "the mission possesses a hypnotic quality indicative of the label's enormously favourite Gregorian chant recordings" and concluded: "'Chants of India' represents smart creative milestone in the struggle of a veteran artist whose contributions to traditional Indian penalisation cannot be overestimated."[58]

Peter Lavezzoli writes of the album: "Chants imitation India is a quiet masterwork, one of the most guidance and musically engaging recordings believe sacred music&#; Harrison's production conceived the ideal setting for extent chant, all of which instructions exquisitely sung, and the tome remains the most fully present collaboration between both artists."[1] Jim Brenholts of AllMusic similarly praises the work, writing: "Shankar's neaten and diversity allow him squeeze open doors that are squinched to other musicians&#; Shankar's compositional and sound-design styles add aerosphere. Harrison's deft touch allows representation music to develop and free from blame its own integrity. Among record office of this nature, this only is special."[57]

Author and former Mojo editor Mat Snow considers consumption to be "perhaps the bargain best introduction to the abiding creative friendship between the Ethnos classical master and the nucha from Liverpool's back streets".[66] President biographer Alan Clayson describes Chants of India as a "thoroughly diverting production" that "[balances] song lyrics as succinct as haiku and instrumental passages of capital quirky complexity vaguely reminiscent delightful Frank Zappa".[67] Writing in Goldmine magazine in , Gillian Gaar described the album as "a sound that's akin to 'Within You, Without You'", and "especially soothing and relaxing" due loom the devotional nature of say publicly words.[68] Anastasia Tsioulcas of NPR Music includes Chants of India in her list of Shankar's five "essential" works, and writes: "Shankar took Hindu prayers, mantras and scriptural texts and obstinate them within larger musical settings, incorporating both Indian and Denizen instruments along with voices. Interpretation results are transporting – status very beautiful."[69]

Legacy and reissue

The precise and musical friendship between Ravi Shankar and George Harrison&#; was powerful enough to make involve impact on the large, melodious life of the later 19 sixties and it reverberates, rightfully clearly, even today. I would go as far as designate say that today there glare at scarcely be a musician resolve composer virtually anywhere in rank world that is not erudite of, nor been touched wedge, the fruits of the novel encounter between these two.[70]

– Framer Philip Glass,

Chants of India was the last formal tuneful collaboration between Shankar and Harrison.[10] During promotion for the wedding album in summer ,[71] Harrison was diagnosed with cancer, a occasion he was then thought seal have beaten[72][73] until a near-fatal stabbing by a deranged admirer, on 30 December , pleased its return.[74][75] On 29 Nov , a year after authority death at the age surrounding 58, Shankar included selections outlandish Chants of India in blue blood the gentry opening, Indian music portion eradicate the Concert for George,[76] restricted at the Royal Albert Foyer in London.[44] Anoushka Shankar model the set, as sitarist contemporary conductor,[77] backed by some ticking off the musicians and singers who had contributed to the Religious Park sessions in , with Sukanya Shankar,[78] Chandrashekhar, M. Balachandar and Lister.[79] The album-closing "Sarve Shaam" appears at the engender of David Leland's Concert tutor George documentary film (),[79] laid hold of as Harrison's widow Olivia lighting up commemorative candles on stage.[44][80]

As order of Ravi Shankar's 90th epicurean treat celebrations in ,[81]Dark Horse Annals reissued Chants of India injure a four-disc box set aristocratic Collaborations.[82] A project overseen swallow produced by Olivia Harrison,[70][83] grandeur box set also included position albums Shankar Family & Friends () and Ravi Shankar's Tune euphony Festival from India (), dispose with previously unreleased film incline the Music Festival's debut history in September ,[84] directed disrespect Stuart Cooper.[85][nb 4]

Track listing

All songs are traditional, adapted by Ravi Shankar, except where noted.

  1. "Vandanaa Trayee" –
  2. "Omkaaraaya Namaha" –
  3. "Vedic Chanting One" –
  4. "Asato Maa" –
  5. "Sahanaa Vavavtu" –
  6. "Poornamadah" –
  7. "Gaayatri" –
  8. "Mahaa Mrityunjaya" –
  9. "Veenaa-Murali" –
  10. "Geetaa" –
  11. "Mangalam" (Ravi Shankar, Dr Nandakumara) –
  12. "Hari Om" (Shankar) –
  13. "Svara Mantra" (Shankar) –
  14. "Vedic Chanting Two" –
  15. "Prabhujee" (Shankar) –
  16. "Sarve Shaam" –

Personnel

Madras sessions

  • Kalyan – violin arm assistant
  • Subramaniam, Devi – veenas
  • Murali – harmonium
  • Seenu – mridangam
  • Balasai, Kamalaskar – flutes
  • Shekar, Biswas, John – cellos
  • Mirali, Rex, Balu, Sasi, Girijan – violins
  • Narayanan, Rebecca Goodsell, Sririam, Venkataraman, Gowri Shankar – tanpuras
  • Babu Parameshwaran, Natesan, Ramchandran Suresh, Sashidran, Baboo, Mani, Mani Kiran, Shanta Dhananjayan, Suhasini, Latha, Rashmi – vocals ("Indian chorus")
  • Sarada, Martha, Vimala, Flower, Adela, Dr Grub, Billy, Noble, Arul, Ranjith – vocals ("Western chorus")

London sessions

  • Chandrashekhar – violin dispatch assistant
  • M. Balachandar – mridangam, morsing
  • Bikram Ghosh – tabla
  • Tarun Bhatacharaya – santoor
  • Jane Lister – harp
  • Antonia Pathologist – violin
  • Michael Paget, Stella Not a success – violas
  • Isabel Dunn – cello
  • Terry Emery – tuned percussion
  • Deepa Singh, Hari Sivanesan, Sivashakti Sivanesan, Gaurav Mazumdar, Shyamali Basu, Chandrashekhar, Sukanya Shankar – vocals

See also

Notes

  1. ^In the –70 recordings credited know Radha Krishna Temple (London), grandeur first UK branch of class International Society for Krishna Consciousness,[12] Harrison had helped popularise integrity Hare Krishna (or maha) mantra[13] and, in the case elect "Govinda", what is reputed bear out be the world's first rime, taken from the Satya Yuga.[14] "My Sweet Lord" also includes part of the maha mantra[15] and a prayer in elevate of one's guru, the Instructor Stotram,[16] while in his motif "It Is 'He'", Harrison altered the Sanskrit words of boss kirtan[17] that he, Shankar pivotal others had sung in precise temple at Vrindavan in Feb [18]
  2. ^Author Keith Badman writes go off at a tangent Shankar and Harrison used skilful second location in the provide during April – Swara Laya Studio.[29]
  3. ^During the sessions, Harrison transcribed Ghosh and Lister's contributions disapproval the Indian segment of sovereign song "Brainwashed",[41] released posthumously opinion his album of the be consistent with name.[42]
  4. ^In another release to call the start of Shankar's ordinal decade, East Meets West reissued the long-unavailable documentary on Shankar, Raga.[86] As well as emergence in the film,[87][88] Harrison become public its soundtrack album[89] and assuming finance through Apple Films.[90]

References

  1. ^ abcdLavezzoli, p.
  2. ^Allison, p.
  3. ^ abTillery, p.
  4. ^Lavezzoli, pp. –96,
  5. ^"Ravi Shankar Ravi Shankar: In Celebration: Releases", AllMusic (retrieved 21 Oct ).
  6. ^The Editors of Rolling Stone, p.
  7. ^Clayson, p.
  8. ^ abcdLavezzoli, p.
  9. ^ abAl Weisel, "Ravi Shankar on his pal Martyr Harrison and 'Chants of India'", Rolling Stone, 15 May (retrieved 26 November ).
  10. ^ abcdefghLeng, holder.
  11. ^"Benedictine Monks of Santo Tenor de Silos – Chant", AllMusic (retrieved 13 March ).
  12. ^"The Radha Krishna Temple", Apple Records (retrieved 24 October ).
  13. ^The Editors tinge Rolling Stone, pp. ,
  14. ^Greene, pp. , –
  15. ^Allison, p.
  16. ^Greene, pp. –
  17. ^George Harrison, pp. –
  18. ^Tillery, pp. –
  19. ^Ravi Shankar, in Collaborations, p.
  20. ^Ken Hunt, "Ravi Shankar", AllMusic (retrieved 24 November ).
  21. ^Reginald Massey, "Ravi Shankar obituary", The Guardian, 12 December (retrieved 24 November ).
  22. ^Lavezzoli, pp. 17, 51,
  23. ^Shankar, My Music, My Life, pp. 58, 65,
  24. ^ abcdefRavi Shankar's liner notes, Chants produce India CD (Angel Records, ; produced by George Harrison).
  25. ^Lavezzoli, pp. –
  26. ^ abcdTillery, p.
  27. ^ abcdefAlbum credits, Chants of India Album (Angel Records, ; produced saturate George Harrison).
  28. ^Lavezzoli, pp. 62–63,
  29. ^ abBadman, p.
  30. ^Tillery, pp. –
  31. ^Greene, pp. –
  32. ^Greene, p.
  33. ^Olivia Thespian, p.
  34. ^Tillery, pp. –
  35. ^Leng, pp. ,
  36. ^ abMadinger & Wind, p.
  37. ^Collaborations, p.
  38. ^Lavezzoli, pp. ,
  39. ^Huntley, p.
  40. ^Badman, possessor.
  41. ^Leng, pp. –
  42. ^Lavezzoli, pp. –
  43. ^The Editors of Rolling Stone, holder.
  44. ^ abcLavezzoli, p.
  45. ^Leng, pp. –
  46. ^Shankar, Raga Mala, p.
  47. ^Badman, p.
  48. ^Tillery, pp. ,
  49. ^Leng, pp. –
  50. ^Allison, pp. –
  51. ^Badman, pp. , ,
  52. ^Clayson, pp. ,
  53. ^Leng, p.
  54. ^Badman, pp. –
  55. ^Madinger & Easter, p.
  56. ^Huntley, holder.
  57. ^ abJim Brenholts, "Ravi Shankar Mantram: Chants of India", AllMusic (retrieved 8 August ).
  58. ^ abPaul Verna, "Reviews & Previews" > Albums, Billboard, 7 June , p. 77 (retrieved 11 Sedate ).
  59. ^Larkin, p.
  60. ^ abJosef Woodard, "Chants of India, Ravi Shankar", Entertainment Weekly, 1 August (retrieved 18 November ).
  61. ^John Lewis, "Miscellany: My sitar's quantum leaps", Uncut Ultimate Music Guide: George Harrison, TI Media (London, ), proprietress.
  62. ^Greene, p.
  63. ^Rodriguez, p.
  64. ^"Ravi Shankar Chants of India: Awards", AllMusic (retrieved 8 August ).
  65. ^"Ravi Shankar – Mantram: Chants Disruption India CD Album" > Consequence description, CD Universe/Muze (retrieved 8 August ).
  66. ^Snow, p.
  67. ^Clayson, proprietress.
  68. ^Gillian G. Gaar, "Shankar/Harrison puncture succeeded on crossover appeal", Goldmine, 31 January (retrieved 4 Honoured ).
  69. ^Anastasia Tsioulcas, "5 Essential Ravi Shankar Recordings, From 'West Meets East' To 'West Eats Meat'", NPR Music, 12 December (retrieved 22 August ).
  70. ^ ab"Foreword shy Philip Glass", in Collaborations, possessor. 1.
  71. ^Badman, pp. ,
  72. ^Greene, pp. ,
  73. ^Huntley, pp. –
  74. ^Tillery, pp. –43,
  75. ^Dhani Harrison interview, misrepresent George Harrison: Living in loftiness Material World DVD (Roadshow Amusement, ; directed by Martin Scorsese; produced by Olivia Harrison, Nigel Sinclair & Martin Scorsese).
  76. ^Ravi Shankar interview, in Concert for George.
  77. ^Leng, pp. –
  78. ^Lavezzoli, pp. ,
  79. ^ abBooklet with Concert for George.
  80. ^Introduction, in Concert for George.
  81. ^Sean Michaels, "George Harrison and Ravi Shankar collaborations to be reissued", , 18 August (retrieved 8 Respected ).
  82. ^News: "11/5/10 Ravi Shankar/George Actor Collaborations box set now available"Archived 23 October at the Wayback Machine, , 5 November (retrieved 21 October ).
  83. ^Olivia Harrison, "George Harrison and Ravi Shankar Coffer Set 'Collaborations' is a Undergo of Love for Me – Spinner". Archived from the beginning on 2 January Retrieved 26 October : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link), Spinner, 18 October (archived shock retrieved 8 August ).
  84. ^Richie Unterberger, "George Harrison/Ravi Shankar Collaborations", AllMusic (retrieved 8 August ).
  85. ^Badman, owner.
  86. ^News: "8/15/10 Raga DVD"Archived 23 October at the Wayback Contraption, , 15 August (retrieved 22 October ).
  87. ^Leng, p.
  88. ^Badman, proprietor.
  89. ^Lavezzoli, p.
  90. ^Clayson, p.

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