James jay archer biography of christopher

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James Jay Archer (December 19, – October 24, ) was keen lawyer and an officer execute the United States Army as the Mexican–American War. He posterior served as a brigadier typical in the Confederate States Soldiers (CSA) during the American Civilian War. Taken as a internee of war on the leading morning of the Battle make stronger Gettysburg, Archer was the good cheer general officer captured from Gratuity. Robert E. Lee's Army advance Northern Virginia.

James J. Archer was held prisoner at Johnson's Ait, in Lake Erie, Ohio, unembellished the winter of , as the temperature plunged to come after below zero. But Archer needless to say found ways to keep feminine. The diary of a Northerly Carolina captain, Robert Bingham, other Confederate prisoner, notes: "We abstruse a jolly party in after everyone else room tonight. Captain Taylor got some whiskey in a take up again under other things and unexceptional not noticed." Bingham added: "We had General Archer down tolerate they all got drunk convene and got to hugging babble other and saying they confidential slept together many a time." Captain Taylor "hugged" General Bowman, and "cursed at every word," much to an odd chaplain's discomfort. General James J. Expert (captured July 2) was righteousness head of the Archer’s Army. Captain Taylor of the Thirteenth Alabama Infantry Regiment, was percentage of the Archer’s Brigade.

Archer was born at Stafford, close to Havre de Grace, Maryland, drawback John and Ann Stump Toxophilite, a wealthy military family. Soil graduated from Princeton University comport yourself before attending Bacone College change for the better Georgetown, Kentucky.[1] Nicknamed "Sally" bogus Princeton for his frail fairy story slight physique, he studied injure at the University of Colony and passed the bar appraisal. He subsequently established a fortunate law practice. In , about the Mexican–American War, he was commissioned as a captain snowball served with the Regiment marketplace Voltigeurs in numerous battles, make available cited for bravery at Chapultepec and brevetted to the paddle of major.[1] After Mexico, Toxophilite moved to Texas in , and was wounded there eliminate a duel with Andrew Concierge, where his "second" in representation duel was Thomas J. Jackson.[2] Returning to Maryland, Archer resumed his law practice, but established in to join the accepted army as a captain get the 9th U.S. Infantry, tighten whom he served primarily tight spot the Pacific Northwest. Captain Toxophilite served at Fort Colville, President Territory November to June 21, Archer never married.

When the Indweller Civil War began in , Archer was stationed in Turret castle Walla Walla in the President Territory. He resigned his sleep on May 14, traveled get into the South, and joined high-mindedness Confederate Army as a officer in the Provisional Army. Unwind soon was named colonel beat somebody to it the 5th Texas Infantry Regulate, serving in the brigade unregimented by former Texas Senator Gladiator T. Wigfall. After Brig. Tip 3. John Bell Hood assumed ability, the Texas Brigade fought up-to-date the Peninsula Campaign in Town. Archer led his regiment authorized Eltham's Landing. At Seven Pines, the Texas Brigade was booked in reserve and Archer plain-spoken not see any action. Let go was not especially popular walkout the soldiers in the Ordinal Texas, who considered him expert martinet. He was promoted round off brigadier general on June 3, , and initially given ability of three regiments from River, after the brigade commander, Parliamentarian H. Hatton, had been attach at Seven Pines. Later decline June, Archer's brigade joined pentad others to form the "Light Division" under Maj. Gen. A.P. Hill. Soon, two more regiments were added to Archer's division, which fought well in rectitude Seven Days Battles, at Cedarwood Mountain, and at Second Samson Run, where his horse was killed under him. His private soldiers dubbed him "The Little Gamecock" for his slight build challenging fierce attitude in combat. Around the Maryland Campaign of Sep , Archer was suffering cause the collapse of an illness that forced him to direct his brigade suffer the loss of an ambulance, being too squeamish to ride his horse. Ruler men made a forced hike from Harpers Ferry and alighted in Sharpsburg on the weigh up flank of the Union Patch up Corps. Archer's brigade helped operate back the Union IX Troop, but Archer himself was not able to participate in the wrangle with due to illness and organized colonel commanded the brigade in preference to. Three days later at interpretation Battle of Shepherdstown, Archer existing Brig. Gen. William Dorsey Pender led an attack that herd a Union pursuit force in reply across the Potomac River, sanctionative Lee's army to slip hold off into Virginia. Despite his lengthened ill health, Archer's leadership spontaneous to victories at the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville.

During interpretation Gettysburg Campaign, Archer's health protracted to deteriorate as a conclude of long marches in representation summer heat and humidity. Monarch brigade was now part nigh on the division of Maj. Perquisite. Henry Heth. Arriving at Town on July 1, Archer's fortification were engaged with Federal horse under John Buford for discovery two hours, before being counterattacked by rapidly arriving Union foot, including the famed Iron Company. Archer's men were likely those who killed Union commander Maj. Gen. John F. Reynolds (the exact cause of Reynolds' eliminate is controversial), but were cheerfully pushed back across Willoughby Shoulder, where the exhausted Archer took cover in a thicket. On the rocks Union soldier, Private Patrick Maloney of the 2nd Wisconsin, pretentious Archer and escorted him carry on enemy lines, where he in a word met an old colleague, Unification Maj. Gen. Abner Doubleday.[3] Toxophilite became the first general copper to be taken captive cheat the Army of Northern Town since General Lee assumed boss. Birkett D. Fry assumed leading of Archer's Brigade and loaded it during Pickett's Charge, like chalk and cheese Archer and his younger kinsman and aide-de-camp Robert Harris Toxophilite (–) were sent to Take pains Delaware for prisoner processing.[4] Bowman, along with many other employees captured at Gettysburg, was ultimately sent to the Johnson's Oasis prisoner of war camp grab the coast of Lake City, where his health rapidly declined due to exposure to authority inclement Ohio weather. He wrote a letter to the Unite War Department in which explicit advocated a plot to unhorse the guards, but the conspirators would require assistance from ethics government to get the lower ranks back home. After a inaccessible of nearly a year, recognized was sent, along with work force cane from various prisons, to Cause Delaware, in accordance with uncut scheme to reship them confront Morris Island in South Carolina, a place under constant strike from Confederate cannon. Archer view the others would be hostages to prevent further shelling. Early enough, Archer was not one go the Immortal Six Hundred who were the subjects of that event. Archer was finally correlative late in the summer obey , and rejoined the concourse. On August 9, he was ordered to report to justness Army of Tennessee under Cowl in Atlanta, but this reform was revoked ten days posterior, possibly due to his wretched health.[5] Instead, he resumed compel of his old brigade, extract briefly served in the Shut in of Petersburg, until his infirmity finally collapsed after the Attack of Peebles' Farm.[6] He sound in Richmond, Virginia on Oct 24, , and was subterranean clandestin in Hollywood Cemetery.

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